Enter a stem, select type (lexical category) and gender, and press Decline to display a paradigm.
Stems must be entered in the Sanskrit Library phonetic encoding scheme (SLP1). Documentation for SLP1 is available in the Documentation section of the Sanskrit library website. Output may be displayed in SLP1, a traditional Romanization (using either Unicode or CSX fonts), or Devanagari (with an appropriate Unicode font). In brief, the alphabet as represented in SLP1 is:
aAiIuUfFxX eEoO MH
kKgGN
cCjJY
wWqQR
tTdDn
pPbBm
yrlv Szsh
Enter the stem (prAtipadika) rather than other possible citation forms such as the nominative singular. For example, for deva enter deva (not devaH) and for Pala enter Pala (not Palam). To decline adjectives in all three genders, it is necessary to select in turn each gender and to enter the appropriate stem.
Currently, it is necessary to enter the feminine stem with the feminine affix explicitly added: generally A for a-stems, U or I for u stems, and I for consonant stems and a-stems with penultimate r, as given in dictionaries such as Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary or Apte, The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. For example: to decline the adjective alpa in the feminine, one must enter the feminine stem as alpA. For the feminine of sundara, enter sundarI; for the feminine of sumanas, enter sumanasI. Likewise add final I to form the feminine stem of participles, comparative adjectives, and other consonant-final secondary stems.
To decline root-final compounds properly, it is necessary to enter a hyphen to indicate the compound boundary; for example, senA-nI, yava-krI. The cardinal number dvi declines only in the dual, and cardinal numbers tri etc. only in the plural.
Sanskrit scholars who notice incorrect results generated from entry in accordance with these instructions are kindly requested to e-mail the Sanskrit Library director.
The TITUS Cyberbit font is capable of displaying the special characters needed for the Unicode Roman display.
The CSX Romanization mode may be used with John Smith's Times CSX+ fonts. These fonts are distributed under the GNU General Public License. We recommend installation of the TrueType (TTF) version of these fonts for both Macintosh and Windows platforms:
The Devanagari display requires a font covering the Unicode Devanagari range (with support for conjunct consonant glyphs) as well a browser and operating system that can handle Indic text shaping. The display has been successfully tested on Windows XP using Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 and on Mac OS X using the Safari browser.
Users of Windows XP should be able to view the Devanagari display correctly using Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 or higher. The Mangal font supplied with the operating system contains the requisite characters. In order to view correctly all characters in the Unicode Romanization, it is recommended that the user install the TITUS Cyberbit font.
Users of Mac OS X (10.2+) should have fonts with the required characters; these are supplied by Apple with the operating system (Devanagari MT and Lucida Grande). The Devanagari display works with current versions of the Safari browser (OS X 10.3+) and has also been tested with the Opera browser.
Users of older versions of Windows and Mac OS are advised to download and install the free CSX+ fonts and to use the CSX+ Romanization option.
Users of other operating systems may investigate other Unicode Devanagari fonts and may find this test page useful. GNU/Linux users should consult the Indic Fonts HOWTO.