Collection: | UPenn Ms. Indic |
Item: | 5 |
Repository: | Rare Book & Manuscript Library |
Institution: | University of Pennsylvania |
Location: | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America |
Locus: | (modern foliation scheme) ff. 1r–129v (incomplete) |
Author: | Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana Vyāsa |
Title: | Bhagavadgītā |
Colophon: | None |
Note: |
The Bhagavadgītā is included in the text of the critical edition of the Mahābhārata at MBh. 6.23.1–6.40.78. Yet the text as an independent treatise typically includes a preface, consisting of a Nyāsa and Dhyāna as found in popular editions such as the Gītā Press edition, which is not included in the critical text and most of which is also absent from the critical apparatus. Most of the preface to the Bhagavadgītā must have occupied the missing leaves numbered 1–4 in the original foliation of work I. |
Language: | Sanskrit in Devanāgarī script |
Locus: | (modern foliation scheme) ff. 1r–2v (incomplete) |
Author: | unknoṭn |
Title: | Bhagavadgītāmālāmantra |
Incipit: |
(modern foliation scheme) f. 1v: <sarvopaniṣa> do gāvo dogdhā gopālanaṁdanaḥ . pārtho vatsaḥ sudhīr bho ktā dugdhaṁ gītāmṛtaṁ mahat ..4.. Note: BhG. Preface 3.6 |
Explicit: |
(modern foliation scheme) f. 2r: yaṁ brahmā varuṇeṁdrarudramarutaḥ stunvaṁti divyaiḥ sta vair vedaiḥ sāṁgapadakramopaniṣadair gāyaṁti yaṁ sāmagāḥ . dhyānāvasthi()tadgatena manasā pa śyaṁti yaṁ yogino yasyāṁtaṁ na viduḥ surāsura gaṇā devāya tasmai namaḥ ..9.. Note: BhG. Preface 4.2 |
Colophon: | None |
Locus: | (modern foliation scheme) ff. 2v–129v (complete) |
Author: | Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana Vyāsa |
Title: | Bhagavadgītā |
Incipit: |
(modern foliation scheme) f. 2v: dhṛtarāṣṭra uvā ca oṁ dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāś caiva kim akurvata saṁjaya ..1.. Note: BhG. 1.1; MBh. 6.23.1 |
Explicit: |
(modern foliation scheme) f. 129r: yatra yogeśva!rāt! kṛṣṇo yatra pārtho dhanurdharaḥ . ta tra śrīr vijayo bhūtir dhruvā nītir matir mama ..78.. Note: BhG. 18.78; MBh. 6.40.78 |
Final rubric: |
f129r-f129v: iti śrī mahā<bhā>rate śatasahasrasaṁhitāyāṁ vaiyyā
sikyāṁ bhīṣmaparvaṇi śrībhagavadgītāsūpa niṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṁ yogaśāstre śrīkṛ ṣṇārjunasaṁvāde mokasaṁnyāsayogo namā ṣṭādaśo dhyāyaḥ ..18.. saṁpūrṇam .. |
Colophon: | None |
Locus: | (modern foliation scheme) ff. 130v–163v (complete) |
Author: | Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana Vyāsa |
Title: | Viṣṇusahasranāmastotra |
Incipit: |
f131v-f133r: yasya smaraṇamātreṇa janmasaṁsāra vaṁdhanāt .. vimucyate namas tasmai viṣṇave prabhaviṣṇave ..1.. namaḥ samastabhū tānāṁ ādibhūtāya bhūbhṛte . anekarū parūpāya viṣṇave prabhaviṣṇave ..2.. vai śaṁpāyana uvāca .. śrutvā dharmā!ṇy! aśe ṣeṇa pāvanāni ca sarvaśaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ śāṁtanavaṁ punar evābhyabhāṣata ..3.. Note: MBh. 13.135.1 |
Explicit: |
f160r-f163v: viśveśvaram ajaṁ devaṁ jagataḥ prabhavāpyayam .. bhajaṁti ye puṣkarākṣaṁ na te yāṁti parābhavam ..47 arjuna uvāca .. [ [ śrībhagavān uvāca .. [ [ sarva vedeṣu yat puṇyaṁ sarva tīrtheṣu yat phalaṁ .. tat pha laṁ samavāpnoti śrutvā devaṁ janārdanaṁ ..56.. Note: MBh. 13.135.142*639, lines 5–6 [ [ naro muktim avāpnoti cakrapāṇer vaco yathā !vra!<bra>hmahatyādikaṁ pāpaṁ sarvapāpaṁ pramucyate ..63 vilayaṁ yāṁti pāpāni cāty apāpasya kā kathā sarva pāpavinirmukto viṣṇulokaṁ sa gacchati 64.. |
Final rubric: |
(modern foliation scheme) f. 163v: iti śrīmahābhārate śatasahasrasaṁhitā yāṁ śrīviṣṇudivyasahasranāmasaṁpūrṇaṁ samā ptam .. |
Colophon: | None |
Note: | The Viṣṇusahasranāman is included in the Anuśāsanaparvan in the critical edition of the Mahābhārata at MBh. 13.135.1–142, yet the text as an independent treatise typically appends a phalaśruti not included in the critical text and most of which is also absent from the critical apparatus. The last verse of the text of the critical edition corresponds to verse 147 found on f160r-f160v |
Language: | Sanskrit in Devanāgarī script |
Locus: | (modern foliation scheme) ff. 164v–189v (complete) |
Author: | Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana Vyāsa |
Title: | Bhīṣmastavarāja |
Incipit: |
f165v-f167r: janme jaya uvāca .. oṁ śaratalpe śayā nas tu bhāratānāṁ pitāmahaḥ katham utsṛṣṭavān dehaṁ kaṁ cit yogam a dhārayan ..1.. Note: MBh. 12.47.1 |
Explicit: |
(modern foliation scheme) f. 189r: stavarājo samāpto yaṁ viṣṇor adbhutaka rmaṇaḥ .. gāṁgeyena purā gīto mahāpātakanā śanaḥ ..28.. |
Final rubric: |
f189r-f189v: iti śrīmahābhārate śatasahasrasaṁ
hitāyāṁ śāntiparvaṇi rājadharmottareṣu bhīṣmasta varājaḥ samāptaḥ |
Colophon: | None |
Note: | The Bhīṣmastavarāja is included in the text of the critical edition of the Mahābhārata at MBh. 12.47.1–72, yet the text as an independent treatise typically appends a phalaśruti not included in the critical text and most of which is also absent from the critical apparatus. |
Language: | Sanskrit in Devanāgarī script |
Locus: | (modern foliation scheme) ff. 190v–205v (complete) |
Author: | Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana Vyāsa |
Title: | Anusmṛti |
Incipit: |
f191v-f194r: śatānīka uvāca .. oṁ mahāte jo mahāprāja sarvaśāstraviśā rada .. akṣīṇakarmavadhas tu puruṣo dvija sattama ..1.. maraṇe yaj japej jāpyaṁ paṁcabhā vam anusmaret .. paramaṁ padam āpnoti ta n me brūhi suniścitaṁ ..2.. śaunaka uvā ca .. śrīvatsāṁkaṁ jagadbījam anaṁtaṁ loka sākṣiṇaṁ .. purā nārāyaṇaṁ devaṁ nāradaḥ paryapṛ cchata ..3.. nārada uvāca .. bhagavan bhūtabhavyeśa śradadhānair jiteṁdriyaiḥ kathaṁ bhaktair viciṁtyo si maraṇe paryupasthite 4 kiṁ vā nityaṁ japej jā pyaṁ talpād utthāya mānavaḥ svapno vibuddho dhyā yeś ca tan me brūhi sanātanaṁ 5 śrutvā tasya tu devarṣe vākyaṁ vākyaviśāradaḥ .. provāca bhagavā n viṣṇur nāradaṁ jagatāṁ patiḥ ..6.. śrībhagavān u vāca .. haṁta te kathayiṣyāmi mune divyām anu smṛtiṁ .. maraṇe yām anusmṛtya prāpnoti paramāṁ gatiṁ ..7.. |
Explicit: |
f205r-f205v: !nā rada!<śaunaka> uvāca .. pavaṁ sa devadevena nāradaḥ pratibodhi taḥ cakāra keśavo bhaktiṁ tasmāt tvaṁ kuru bhūpate saṁsārapavasīmaṁto ya svātāṁ kila kathyate nanu dhyāyati yo dehī kathayāmi ca tat sukhaṁ .. keśavasya kathaṁ puṇyaṁ dhyāyate vai stavo tathā .. sarva baṁdhavinirmuktaḥ paraṁ padam avāpnuyāt .. sa nāma dhyāyate nityaṁ sarve yāṁti parāṁ gatiṁ ..74 |
Final rubric: |
(modern foliation scheme) f. 205v: iti śrīmahābhārate śatasahasrasaṁhitāyaṁ vai yāsikyāṁ viṣṇudharmottareṣu anusmṛtiṁ .. sa māptaḥ .. |
Colophon: | None |
Note: | The final rubric places the Anusmṛti in the Mahābhārata and also in the Viṣṇudharmottara. Yet the work is not included in the text of the Pune critical edition of the Mahābhārata, nor in the Viṣṇudharmottara Purāṇa. A similar passage, though with significant differences, occurs in Vol. 12's Appendix I no. 17B and likewise calls itself the Anusmṛti. UPenn Ms. Coll. 390, Item 489, etc. also contains the Anusmṛti, but the text remains unidentified. |
Language: | Sanskrit in Devanāgarī script |
Locus: | (modern foliation scheme) ff. 206v–228v (incomplete) |
Author: | unknoṭn |
Title: | Gajendramokṣaṇa |
Incipit: |
f207v-f209v: śatānīka uvāca .. oṁ mayā hi devadevasya viṣṇor amitate jasaḥ .. śrutvā sabhūtayaḥ sarvā gadata s tava suvrataḥ .. yadi prasanno bhagavā n anugrāho smi vā yadi .. tad ahaṁ śro tum icchāmi nṛṇāṁ duḥsvapnanāśanaṁ .. 2.. svapnā hi !sva!<su> mahābhāga dṛśaṁti ye śu bhāśubhāḥ phalāni te prayacchaṁti tadguṇā ny eva bhārgava 3 tādṛk puṇyaṁ pavitraṁ ca nṛṇā m atiśubhāpradaṁ duḥsvapnāś ca śamaṁ yāṁti tan me vistarato vada 4.. |
Explicit: |
f227v-f228v: bhīṣma uvāca .. hāhā hūhūr iti khyātau gītavādyaviśāradau .. i iti tau śāpitau tena devalena mahātmanā ..1 urvaśī menakāraṁbhā tathā cānye psarogaṇāḥ śakrasya purato rājaṁ nṛtyaṁte sma sumadhyamāḥ ..2 tatas tau gāyamānau tu gaṁdharvau rājasadmani .. anyonyaṁ cakratuḥ spardhāṁ śakrasya puratas tadā .. āvayo<r u>bhayor madhye kaḥ śreṣṭo gītavādyayoḥ . ta!t!<d> vadasva suraśre!ṣṭo!<ṣṭho> jñātvā gītasya lakṣaṇaṁ ..4 gaṁdharvayor vacaḥ śrutvā pratyuvāca śatakratuḥ yuvayor gītavādyeṣu viśeṣ!ū!<o> nopalakṣyate ..5.. eka eva muniśre!ṣṭo!<ṣṭho> devalo nāma nāmataḥ .. yuvayoḥ saṁśayacdhetā bhaviṣyati na saṁśayaḥ ..6 tatas !ta!<tu> tau śakravaco niśamya praṇamya rājaṁ śirasā sureśvaraṁ .. gatau suhṛṣṭau jayakāṁkṣi ṇau tau yatrāśrame ti!ṣṭa!<ṣṭha>ti sadvijā!gryāḥ!<gryaḥ>..7 [missing 4 leaves, The end of the story of the competition between the gandharvas Hāhā and Hūhū and the latter's being cursed by the sage Devala to be incarnated as a crocodile.] |
Colophon: | None |
Note: |
The fifth work contains the narration by the sage Śaunaka to the king Śatānīka, which frames the narration of Vaiśaṁpāyaṇa to Janamejaya, which in turn frames the narration of Bhīṣma to Yuddhiṣṭhira. The second verse on (modern foliation scheme) f. 209r identifies the subject of the fifth work as the Duḥsvapnanāśana, "destruction of bad dreams," verse 4 on (modern foliation scheme) f. 209v, verse 18 on (modern foliation scheme) f. 212r, and 22ab on (modern foliation scheme) f. 212v discuss the pacification of bad dreams, and verse 3 on (modern foliation scheme) f. 209r–(modern foliation scheme) f. 209v points to the problem that bad dreams produce negative consequences. The work contains the narrative of Viṣṇu releasing an elephant from the jaws of a crocodile as an example of how to obtain release from bad dreams. Verse 22 on (modern foliation scheme) f. 212v–(modern foliation scheme) f. 213r introduces the narrative as the ancient itihāsa Gajendramokṣaṇa. The story reaches a climax in verse 100 on (modern foliation scheme) f. 227r with the release of the elephant, but continues in an epilogue narrating the story of how the gandharva Hūhū became incarnated as the crocodile. In some versions, such as UPenn Ms. Coll. 390, Item 2491 the gandharva Hāhā is incarnated as the elephant. The end of the story of the competition between the gandharvas Hāhā and Hūhū and the latter's being cursed by the sage Devala to be incarnated as a crocodile, is missing in what must be the content of the four missing final pages following verse 107 on (modern foliation scheme) f. 228v. UPenn Ms. Coll. 390, Item 488 and Item 2491 also contain the same version of the Gajendramokṣaṇa. Although the final rubric of the fourth work in this ms. situates the Anusmṛti in the Viṣṇudharmottara Purāṇa and the fifth work is narrated by the sage Śaunaka to the king Śatānīka as is the Viṣṇudharma Purāṇa, the text in these mss. remains unidentified. As Rocher (1986: 143) notes, the Gajendramokṣaṇa is told in the Bhāgavata Purāṇa, skandha 8, adhyāyas 2–4 (see BhP. 8.1.30–8.5.1) Although BhP. 8.1.30 mentions the same title {g}ajendramokzaRa, it is a different version. In that context Bādarāyani narrates the story to Parikṣit. The narrative mentions duḥsvapnanāśa in BhP. 8.4.14d,' to='and duḥsvapnādyupaśānti in BhP. 8.4.15d. |
Language: | Sanskrit in Devanāgarī script |
Form: | Folia |
Material: | Paper. |
Extent: | 236 |
Dimension: | 11 x 18 cm |
Collation: | Bound by folding long rectangular leaves. What the modern foliation scheme numbers 1 must be the same leaf as what it numbers 228. The binding must have been done after four leaves, containing the initial four pages and final four pages of the ms., were lost. |
Condition: | Excellent |
Binding: | Bound on the left in book format with a cardboard cover sealed in woven red cloth. |
Layout: | Generally 6 lines per page, 3 and 5 lines per page in elaborately framed text on the first and second pages of text in each of works II–V on (modern foliation scheme) f. 131v and (modern foliation scheme) f. 133r, (modern foliation scheme) f. 165v and (modern foliation scheme) f. 167r, (modern foliation scheme) f. 191v and (modern foliation scheme) f. 193r, and (modern foliation scheme) f. 207v and (modern foliation scheme) f. 209r. |
Hand 1: | Written clearly with a reed with a broad nib that distinguishes thick and thin strokes and produces sharp angles. Same hand as UPenn Ms. Coll. 390 Item 773, Item 2563, and Item 2639. |
Additions: |
The last three quarters of VSN., verse 6 (MBh. 13.135.6) left out during initial copying are added in the bottom margin in the same hand on (modern foliation scheme) f. 133v. The syllable kru similarly omitted is added in the same hand on (modern foliation scheme) f. 183r. Verse numbers omitted during the initial copying are occasionaly added in margins in the same had, for example, on (modern foliation scheme) f. 148r and (modern foliation scheme) f. 152r. On (modern foliation scheme) f. 136v a different hand inserts “śrī” before the name of Vyāsa in the nyāsa preceding the Viṣṇusahasranāman and replaces śru by stu on (modern foliation scheme) f. 162r. Similar minor marginal corrections appear on (modern foliation scheme) f. 150r, (modern foliation scheme) f. 151r, and (modern foliation scheme) f. 160r. |
Color: | Single daṇḍas, double daṇḍas, speakers, and final rubrics appear in red. Infrequent minor mistakes are covered over with yellow throughout the ms., for example, on (modern foliation scheme) f. 24r, (modern foliation scheme) f. 26r, and (modern foliation scheme) f. 163r. Additional colors are used in borders and illustrations. |
Border: | An orange rectangular band trimmed with black lines within a thin black rectangular line surrounded by another orange rectangle frames the text on most pages. Each of works II–V begins on (modern foliation scheme) f. 131v, (modern foliation scheme) f. 165v, (modern foliation scheme) f. 191v, and (modern foliation scheme) f. 207v: with text in black, gold, and black lines in a frame with flowers painted in it in purple, orange, and green surrounded by an elaborate gold, blue, and orange frame itself framed in thin black and orange lines. The text of these works continues on their second pages on (modern foliation scheme) f. 133r, (modern foliation scheme) f. 167r, (modern foliation scheme) f. 193r, and (modern foliation scheme) f. 209r: in five alternating black and gold lines in a frame with flowers painted in it in purple, orange, and green. |
Illustration: |
The ms. contains five full-color illustrations. On (modern foliation scheme) f. 76v: On (modern foliation scheme) f. 130v: On (modern foliation scheme) f. 164v: On (modern foliation scheme) f. 190v: On (modern foliation scheme) f. 206v: |
Origin: |
The name Brian Zahn preceded by an asterisk is written vertically downwards in the right margin on (modern foliation scheme) f. [iv]v.: The manuscript likely originates in Kashmir. The colophon of UPenn Ms. Coll. 390 Item 2563, written in the same hand, dates that manuscript to the year saṁvat 1913, equivalent to 1856-57 c.e. |
Acquisition: |
The present codex was acquired by The University of Pennsylvania Library and catalogued on 21 September 1993. |
SubjectLC: | Hinduism – Legends. |
SubjectLC: | Codices. |
SubjectLC: | Illuminated manuscripts. |
SubjectLC: | Manuscripts, Sanskrit – 19th century. |
SubjectLC: | Manuscripts – India – 19th century. |
SubjectSL: | Itihāsa. Narrative, Epic, History |
oṁ
dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥoṁ
śaratalpe śayāoṁ
mahāteoṁ
mayāRecord revised: | 6 December 2011 |
---|