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Rāmopākhyāna—the story of Rāma in the Mahābhārata: an independent-study reader in Sanskrit.
By Peter M. Scharf. 2023.
Revised edition in Roman.
Volume 1: Introduction and appendices.
- Preface... iii
- A. Improvements ... iii
- B. Production... iv
- Table of contents ... vii
- List of tables... xi
Introduction ... 1
- I. Divine, historical, and spiritual dimensions... 3
- A. The story of Rāma... 3
- 1. The human dimension... 4
- 2. The divine dimension... 5
- B. The Rāmopākhyāna... 5
- C. Textual limits to the divine dimension... 5
- 1. Limits in the Rāmāyaṇa... 6
- 2. Limits in the Rāmopākhyāna... 7
- D. Rāma and Sītā’s humanity... 9
- 1. Human emotions, intelligence, etc... 9
- 2. Rāma’s ethics... 9
- a. The mutilation of Śūrpaṇakhā... 9
- b. The slaying of Vālin ... 10
- c. The rejection of Sītā ... 10
- E. Moral versus mundane factors in Sītā’s rejection ... 12
- F. Moral revisionism in narrative adaptation ... 14
- 1. Parallels to Sītā’s case... 15
- 2. Comparison of Yudhiṣṭhira’s and Rāma’s exiles ... 16
- G. The historical basis... 16
- H. The spiritual dimension... 18
- 1. Various classes of beings... 18
- 2. Siddhis...19
- 3. Transcending and enlightenment... 22
- II. Structure and content ... 25
- A. Text in Devanāgarī and Roman... 25
- B. Analyzed sandhi... 26
- C. Inflectional identification... 26
- 1. Nominals...26
- 2. Verbs...27
- D. Glossary...28
- 1. Stem...29
- 2. Lexical identification... 30
- a. Noun...30
- b. Pronoun...31
- c. Adjective... 32
- d. Number...32
- e. Participle... 32
- f. Adverb, particle, etc... 33
- g. Verb...33
- h. Compound... 35
- i. Classification ... 35
- ii. Labeling... 37
- 3. Derivation... 38
- a. General conventions ... 39
- b. Simple derivations ... 39
- c. Primary nominal derivates... 40
- d. Secondary nominal derivates ... 41
- e. Compound derivation... 42
- i. Compound-gloss(vigraha-vākya)... 43
- ii. Dvandva... 43
- iii. Karmadhāraya... 44
- iv. Dvigu...44
- v. Tatpuruṣa... 45
- a. Dvitīyā through saptamī tatpuruṣa ... 45
- b. Upapada-tatpuruṣa ... 45
- c. Nañ-tatpuruṣa... 45
- d. Gati-tatpuruṣa... 45
- e. Prādi-tatpuruṣa... 47
- vi. Bahuvrīhi... 47
- vii. Ambiguities in compound-derivation ... 48
- a. Ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa versus upapada-tatpuruṣa ... 49
- b. Numerical compounds... 50
- E. Sanskrit prose ... 51
- F. Notes...54
- G. Translation... 56
- III. Suggestions for use... 59
- A. Suggestions for students ... 60
- 1. Serious independent study... 60
- 2. Devanāgarī lesson... 62
- 3. Sandhi lesson... 62
- 4. Casual independent study ... 62
- 5. Advanced independent study... 63
- 6. Advanced study and research... 63
- a. Nīlakaṇṭha... 63
- b. Pāṇini...63
- c. Semantic and lexical research... 63
- d. Syntactic research... 64
- B. Suggestions for instructors... 64
Appendices ... 67
- Glossary of proper names... 69
- Genealogy... 95
- Word index ... 97
- List of abbreviations, and morphological and lexical identifiers...143
- Bibliography ...147
- 1. Introductory Sanskrit textbooks...147
- 2. Further Sanskrit instruction...147
- 3. Dictionaries ...148
- 4. Reference grammar...148
- 5. Pāṇinian grammar ...148
- 6. Critical editions of the epics...150
- 7. English translations of the epics ...150
- 8. Production in audio visual media...151
- 9. Research on the story of Rāma ...152
- 10. Other references...158
Volume 2: Text, analysis and translation.
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 257
Yudhiṣṭhirapraśnaḥ
Yudhiṣṭhira’s lament over the abduction of Kr̥ṣṇā ... 1
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 258; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 1
Rāmarāvaṇayor janmakathanam
The birth of Rāma and Rāvaṇa ... 15
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 259; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 2
Rāvaṇādivaraprāptiḥ
The obtainment of boons by Rāvaṇa and his siblings ... 33
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 260; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 3
Vānarādyutpattiḥ
The birth of the gods in the form of monkeys and bears ... 81
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 261; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 4
Rāmavanābhigamanam
The departure of Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa, and Sitā to the forest ... 101
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 262; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 5
Mārīcavadhaḥ sītāharaṇaṁ ca
The slaying of Mārīca and abduction of Sītā ... 159
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 263; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 6
Kabandhahananam
The slaying of Kabandha ... 204
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 264; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 7
Trijaṭākr̥tasītāsāntvanam
The consolation of Sītā by Trijaṭā ... 252
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 265; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 8
Sītārāvaṇasaṁvādaḥ
The dialogue of Sītā and Rāvaṇa ... 330
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 266; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 9
Hanūmatpratyāgamanam
The return of Hanūmat ... 362
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 267; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 10
Setubandhanam
The building of the bridge to Laṅkā ... 437
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 268; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 11
Laṅkāpraveśaḥ
The first assault on Laṅkā ... 492
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 269; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 12
Rāmarāvaṇadvandvayuddham
The battle between the pairs Rāma and Rāvaṇa, etc. ... 534
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 270; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 13
Kumbhakarṇanirgamanam
The emergence of Kumbhakarṇa ... 549
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 271; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 14
Kumbhakarṇādivadhaḥ
The slaying of Kumbhakarṇa, Vajravega and Pramāthin ... 580
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 272; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 15
Indrajidyuddham
Indrajit’s felling of Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa ... 610
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 273; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 16
Indrajidvadhaḥ
Lakṣmaṇa’s slaying of Indrajit ... 638
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 274; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 17
Rāvaṇavadhaḥ
Rāma’s slaying of Rāvaṇa ... 672
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 275; Rāmopākhyāna, Adhyāya 18
Rāmābhiṣekaḥ
Rāma’s reunion with Sītā, return to Ayodhyā and consecration ... 705
- Mahābhārata Āraṇyakaparvan, Adhyāya 276
Yudhiṣṭhirāśvāsanam
Mārkaṇḍeya’s encouragement of Yudhiṣṭhira ... 778